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Nic | 

Globalisation. It's hard to pick up any business related-read nowadays without being told how the workplace is increasingly globalised, how we are facing increased global competition or to read about people banging on about the global war for talent.

In fact, we've been talking about globalisation for some time now. Just flicking through some of the papers in my ever-increasing 'to read' pile, I see references to business globalisation as 21st Century phenomenon; others describe it as a 20th Century invention; while some refer to it as being introduced in the 19th Century along with the Gold Standard.

In fact there are references to globalisation all the way back to approximately 400 BC when Herodotus recorded the 'strangeness' of doing business with the ancient Egyptians.

So we may not be able to agree when globalisation started, but started it has. Yet despite having talked about globalisation for so long, it seems to me that the vast majority of organisations, including those that pride themselves on being 'genuinely' multinational and multicultural, have not yet grappled with what this means for them in reality.

What is cultural intelligence?

I am struck by how many leaders within multinational organisations are embarrassed by how little their organisation does to ensure it is operating with cultural intelligence. People shuffle their feet and talk about cursory expat training, which might cover how to hand over a business card without offence, but does little to equip expats with the skills they genuinely need to work effectively in a different cultural climate.

How many people in your company, for example, know when 'yes' means 'yes' in a different culture, and when it actually means 'no'? How many people know in which cultures it is entirely expected to openly voice either assent or dissent with what is being discussed?

If organisations are genuinely looking to do business in a culturally intelligent way, then two levels of cultural intelligence need to be examined. The first level is an individual level of cultural intelligence. That is, helping the employees, managers and expats who are at the coalface having to make globalisation work, to demonstrate cultural intelligence. There are three key elements to individual cultural intelligence:

1. Knowing the cultural values of the other party.

2. Being mindful of the impact of your own cultural values.

3. Adapting your behavior to demonstrate cultural intelligence.

Cultural faux pas

Sadly, many organisations simply put their employees through cultural training programmes that are supposed to increase the knowledge element of cultural intelligence, but instead simply reinforce stereotypes and assumptions, and can be wildly inaccurate. According to one of these programmes, for example, men should never wear striped ties to do business in the UK.

The second level of cultural intelligence concerns the amount of cultural intelligence embedded within the organisational processes themselves. For example, expatriate failure rates vary between 20 and 75% yet organisations often do very little to select the right people for an expatriate role or provide the appropriate support when people are in these roles. Or think about those organisations that only equip their teams with basic communication media - and then wonder why their global teams seem to experience communication and trust issues.

So, the question is, how culturally intelligent is your organisation? How many cultural faux pas are committed each day in your offices? The conclusion that I have come to is that while our economies may be in a state of globalisation, all too often, our businesses and people are not. What do you think?

Keywords:  Cultural intelligence

Category:  Business psychology
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Joe | 

The emergence of Barack Obama brings with it a new age of leadership. His profile matches the theoretical framework for great leadership and in a sense his success or otherwise may well be the most interesting real time psychological experiment of our time.

Against all the known frameworks for leadership Obama is a close match. So quite apart from the small task of attempting to rescue the world from an economic meltdown he is helping to define leadership in the 21st century. If he succeeds we know we have the right model for political and also importantly for corporate leadership- the latter having taken something of a pounding recently.

Our research shows leadership to exist on three dimensions which we summarise as Thought, Task and People. For the Thought area you need to be able to create a vision of where you want to be which requires levels of insight and intelligence. The 'g' factor (intelligence factor) is an important factor in leadership and this is evident in president Obama. It does not relate solely to your GMAT (MBA entrance exams) or other test scores but relates to your intelligence, your ability to see links between different sources of information and set out possibilities.

The Task area relates to the drive and determination a leader can bring to their role combined with the ability to put in place structures to make things happen. In President Obama's case this may be the area where he has still to prove his leadership in results and was an area targeted as a weakness by his electoral opponents. So does he have the credentials to be a successful task leader ? His level of drive and energy is obvious by his first day's work schedule with a workout before breakfast at 5 am! However, more importantly he has been swift to show decision making and to deliver on some pre-election commitments. However, the most important thing that makes him stand out as a potentially great leader in this area is that he sees it as the one he needs to develop. He has appointed a range of advisors, is prepared to listen to them and has made it clear he will then take decisions based on their input. He has also appointed people who are good at carrying out tasks and getting results in their chosen field.

It is in the area of People that Barack Obama brings the most interesting perspective. The key to his success in this area may not be his undoubted charisma, his ability to speak well in public or his presence and manner, characteristics which are often thought of as being the mark of a good leader but nonetheless can be trained. Instead what he brings to a new era of leadership is a genuine 'inclusivity'. He has already been reported as describing one European leader as 'lightweight' because their view was too parochial, being only concerned with protecting their own patch. Inclusivity is at the heart of his speeches but the difference for him as a leader is that it comes across as sincere.

It is interesting how many groups are claiming a part of Barack Obama. In Kenya, for instance tourism has increased significantly since his appointment. He has ancestors from Moneygall a small village in Tipperary in Ireland. The first African American in the White House and so on. The global inclusivity is not only in his background but is also at the heart of what he stands for.

Obama's approach to inclusivity takes Goleman's Emotional Intelligence factor (EQ) to a new level and when combined with a 'g' factor the potential in Obama's leadership is enormous. The essence of this approach in organisations will give CEO's and senior executives a blueprint for their own leadership style in wider framework of inclusivity and corporate decision making. Corporate social responsibility is likely to be redefined and become central to a new emerging leadership.

So can we use this knowledge about the new President's style to predict, select and develop future leaders? The answer to this is yes we can !






Emma | 

Several articles in the press recently have picked up on the number of restaurant and café closures in France. The restaurant trade is now third in the French bankruptcy stakes after house-builders and estate agents, with 3,000 establishments going into liquidation in just three months earlier this year.

As exemplars of work life balance with ‘two-hour lunches and a 35-hour working week’, Europeans seem to be worried that, with the French example gone, the credit crunch will move us all towards being workaholic automatons doomed to shake crumbs out of our keyboards every lunchtime.

Perhaps France is moving away from its cultural roots but does it matter? As many people commented following the articles, the Brits do all right on a cheese and pickle roll at their desks. Don’t they?

French or British, we could be sacrificing more than we think…

As research indicates, workers without a break are operating on a principle of “diminishing returns” regarding their energy and productiveness. By late afternoon you may be putting an awful lot in and not getting much out.

One other important element that the French lunch offers is the opportunity to build meaningful relationships at work. This is a key factor in job satisfaction and retention but also acts as an important buffer against the stresses and strains of work and has positive health benefits too.

It is likely that the French would suffer particularly if this disappeared as socialising after work in France, is rare.

Whilst it may seem a small change therefore, French businesses should beware: happiness at work and all of its associated benefits (creativity, network building, support for others) is greatly influenced by the ‘small things’ – the little uplifts rather than major changes in working conditions. Lunch then, may be more important than that pay rise.






Emma | 

Plusieurs articles dans la Presse ont récemment repris le nombre de fermetures de restaurants et de cafés en France. La restauration représente maintenant un tiers des faillites françaises après les constructeurs de maisons et les agents immobiliers, avec 3000 établissements entrant en liquidation dans une période de trois mois, cette année 2008.

Les Français sont les exemples de l’équilibrent entre la vie et le travail avec des « déjeuners de deux heures et une semaine de 35 ».

Les Européens semblent être inquiets de la disparition de cet exemple français ; la crise financière nous conduira-t-elle tous à être des automates drogués du travail condamnés à secouer les miettes de nos claviers d’ordinateur à chaque déjeuner?

Peut-être que la France s'éloigne de ses racines culturelles? Est-ce un problème? Beaucoup de personnes en font la remarque, les Britanniques le font bien avec un « Cheese & Pickle roll » sur le coin de leur bureau, n’est-ce pas ?

Français ou Britannique… Nous pourrions sacrifier plus que nous pensons … Comme les études le décrivent, des ouvriers sans pause fonctionnent sur le principe du « diminishing returns » quant à leur énergie et productivité. À la fin de l’après-midi vous pouvez fournir énormément et rien en dégager.

Un autre élément important est que les invitations à déjeuner françaises sont l'occasion de nouer des relations significatives au travail. C'est un facteur clef dans la satisfaction et l’engagement des emplois, mais agit aussi comme un amortisseur important contre les tensions et pressions de travail et contribue au bien être.

Il est probable que les Français souffriraient particulièrement de cette disparition, parce que c’est rare de rencontrer les gens après le travail.

Alors que cela peut sembler un petit changement, les entreprises françaises devraient prendre garde: Le bonheur au travail et tous ses avantages associés (la créativité, la construction de réseau, l'appui pour d'autres) dépendent énormément de l'influence de « petites choses » - Les petits bonheurs plutôt que les changements majeurs de conditions de travail. Le déjeuner alors, peut être plus important qu’une augmentation de salaire.